Jeanne Calment is a French citizen with the longest (documented) life expectancy. The date of her birth is February 21, 1875, the date of her death is August 4, 1997, that is, the Frenchwoman lived 122 years and 164 days.
Is it possible to say that a person - the longest living creature on the planet? No, there are enough animals in the world that have lived much longer than Jeanne Kalman. Here are the top 5 Earth centenarians, Time magazine.
5. Jellyfish of the genus Turritopsis
This type of jellyfish is a separate entity in the ranking of centenarians. Its representatives can move from a state of maturity to a state of infantilism, in other words, return youth. These jellyfish have a regular life cycle, but after maturation and mating, they return to their original polyp state. This process is called "transdifferentiation" and is associated with the "readjustment" of defective cells into new cells. Maybe these jellyfish are the key to the elixir of youth.
4. Elephants and parrots
On average, large parrots live for 50-70 years, and cockatoos are considered centenarians among parrots. Since 1925, the San Diego Zoo has kept a cockatoo, which arrived there as an adult bird, and he lived until December 30, 1990. And some individuals of the owl parrot from New Zealand lived up to 90 years of age.
Elephants do not lag behind parrots, they live up to 70 years.
3. Red sea urchins and giant turtles
Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, aka red sea urchin (although its color ranges from pink or orange to almost black) from the echinoderm class lives in the Pacific Ocean.
The spherical body of the sea urchin is entirely covered with sharp thorns, which can grow up to 8 cm. These thorns grow on a hard shell that protects the hedgehog. According to research work by Thomas Ebert of the Department of Zoology at Oregon State University, the oldest red sea urchins are about 200 years old.
Advaita, a 250-kilogram giant tortoise that lived in the city zoo of Kolkata (India), was the longest-living turtle in the world. The age of the animal, according to various estimates, ranged from 150 to 250 years.
2. Bowhead whales
The bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) is a stocky, dark-colored whale without a dorsal fin. In length, it can grow up to 20 meters, and loves to eat, "fattening up" up to 100 tons and losing weight only to the blue whale.
It lives exclusively in fertile arctic and subarctic waters, which makes it different from other whales that migrate to feed or breed.
Bowhead whales live up to 200 years, and genes have been found in their genomes that repair damaged sections of DNA.
1. Bivalve molluscs Arctica islandica
One of the species of edible molluscs, it lives in two oceans - the Arctic and the Atlantic. Also known by several different common names, including Icelandic cyprin and black clam. These ocean dwellers live exceptionally long lives. One of the two found samples (he was named Min) lived for 507 years, the other - from 405 to 410 years. To determine the age of the clam, the researchers drilled through the shell and counted the number of layers.